1 Complete the sentence with the past simple form of the verb in brackets.
a Aztec civilization (develop) developed in the Valley of Mexico, 7,500 feet above sea level.
b The Aztecs (leave) left their own land of Aztlan at some time during the 12th or 13th century.
<They (believe) for a new land, belived that Huitzilopochth their war god (want) wanted them to search
d. They (arrive) arrived In the Valley of Mexico during the 12th or 13th century AD.
- They (bulld) built their capital city, «Tenochtitlan, on an island in Lake Texcoco.
hard and
They (planti planted trees on the island to make the land better, (worki (improve) improved the land. 9. When the Spatiish (arrive) arrived In 1519, Montezuma, the Aztec ruler, (think) thought
that Cortez was a returning god. h. When the Spanish (see) saw the Aztecs’ gold, they (decide) desidet
To-conquer the city. the Aztecs and (destroy) Later they (Rith killed Montezuma, (defeat) destroyed Aztec religion and culture.
2 Complete the sentence with the past simple form of the verb in brackets. Then decide if each sentence is True or False. Check the factual answers on page 208.
a Greck actors (wear) masks and special boots. Trac
b Spartan children (take) took baths only two or three times a year, true
The philosopher Socrates (drink) drank poison and alied true
Alexander the Great’s army (go) went as far as China false
Heron of Alexandria (make) made a kind of jet engine. true
f The Roman Emperor Caligula’s name (mean) mean «Happy Soldier’. false
g Rowan mathematics (have) had 10-zero true
Most Roman girls (get) got
Roman soldiers (pay)
paled
married at the age of 18.
3 Seven of the sentences (including the example) contain historical errors. Guess which ones are wrong and rewrite them with a negative past simple form. Check the factual answers on page 208.
a Alexander the Great married Cleopatra.
Alexander the Great didn’t marry Cleopatra.
tb Nelson Mandela became President of South Africa in 1994.
Leonardo da Vinci invented the Internet.
Leonardo da Vinci didn’t invented the Internet
d Confucius the Chinese philosopher died in 1900.
Confucius the Chinese philosopher didn’t died in 1900.
e Marco Polo stayed in China for five years. Marco Polo didn’t stay in China for five years
f The ancient Romans used steam engines in their battles.
The ancient Romans didn’t use steam endies in their battles
g Genghis Khan invaded Italy and captured Rome. Genghis Khan didn’t invade Italy and capture Rome
th Christopher Columbus reached America by accident.
iWilliam Shakespeare wrote Don Quixote.
William Shakespeare didn’t write Don Quixote.
history
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4 Complete the question for each answer.
The Industrial Revolution in Britain
a When did the Industrial Revolution happen in Britam
The ladustrial Revolution happened during the second half of the 18th century in Britaur.
b How did work change Work changed with the building of large factories.
did the first factories produce The first factories produced fron, steel, and textiles.
What
d What did new technology encouraged the production
New technology encouraged the production of more ships, and railway equipment.
What power did factories use
Factories used steam power.
What did these factories require
These factories required lots of coal for the steam engines. did manufacturers construct
Where
Manufacturers constructed their factories close to coal mines.
h Why did they decide to do this
They decided to do this because it was expensive to transport coal.
I What did factories also need limestone and iron ore
Factories also needed limestone and iron ore, for the manufacture of steel.
j Where did industry in the UK develop
Industry in the UK developed near the coal fields of South Wales, the Midlands, north-east England and central Scotland.
5 Rewrite each statement about the playwright William Shakespeare as a yes/no question.
a He came from a rich family.
Q Did he come from a rich family
A No, not really. His father was a glove maker.
b. He grew up in London.
Q Did he grew up in London?
A No, in Stratford upon Avon, a small town about 160 km from London.
c He went to school.
Q Did he went to school
A Yes, we think so.
d Ile knew Latin.
Q Did he knew Latin
A Yes, he learnt Latin at school, and some Greek as well.
e He got married.
Q Did he got married
A Yes, he was only 18 when he married Anne Hathaway, aged 26.
f They had children.
Q Did they have children
A Yes, a danghter Susanna, and twins, a boy Hammet and a girl Judith.
6 Complete the text with the past simple affirmative, negative or question forms of the verbs in brackets.
science
Louis Pasteur 1822-1895
As a young man, Pasteur a he b (become) became studied at the Ecole Normale in Paris. Then at the age of just 32. a prolessor at the University of Lille, In 1856, Pasteur e (receive) received a visit from a man called Bigo who d (own) e (make) made alcohol from sugar beet. He f (have) Pasteur: why g (the alcohol/turn/ to acid?) owned had does the alcohol turn to acid h (happen) happened they 1 (not can) couldn’t threw it away: Digo k (ask) asked a factory that a question for When this use it and I (throw) Pasteur to find out the reason for this.
At first, Pasteur 1 (not know) didn’t knew but when he m (examine)
tested the alcohol under a nticrescape, he n (find) found believed
thousands of tiny micro-organisms. He o (believe) p (cause) caused in the same way?) Does milk, that they the problem. q (milk, wine and vinegar/behave/ wine and vinegar behave in the same way? disagreed with him, and newspapers
Other scientists (disagree) s (make) made lun of him. However, Pasteur t (continue) continued with his work, he u (invent) invented methods of testing his theory and v (prove) that he was right. Later he w (work) proved worked together with two doctors and x (develop) developed vaccines for diseases such as anthrax and rabies.
SSARY
g He began writing plays in Stratford.
Q Did he begin writing plays in Stratford?
A We don’t really know. We only know that after 1592 he was an actor and writer in London.
h He wrote 37 plays all by himself.
Q Did he write 37 plays all be himself
A Well, we know he wrote two plays together with John Fletcher. Some people think that all his plays were really written by somebody else.
i He made up all the characters and plots of his plays.
Q Did he make up all characters and plots of his plays
A Actually no. He borrowed lots of ideas from other writers. This was quite usual in his time.
J He became rich and famous.
Q Did he become rich and famous
A He certainly became quite rich, and his plays were popular. But he only became really famous in the 18th century and later.
g He began writing plays in Stratford.
Q Did he begin writing plays in Stratford?
A We don’t really know. We only know that after 1592 he was an actor and writer in London.
h He wrote 37 plays all by himself.
Q Did he write 37 plays all be himself
A Well, we know he wrote two plays together with John Fletcher. Some people think that all his plays were really written by somebody else.
i He made up all the characters and plots of his plays.
Q Did he make up all characters and plots of his plays
A Actually no. He borrowed lots of ideas from other writers. This was quite usual in his time.
J He became rich and famous.
Q Did he become rich and famous
A He certainly became quite rich, and his plays were popular. But he only became really famous in the 18th century and later.
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